{"id":20643,"date":"2022-07-05T09:20:24","date_gmt":"2022-07-05T07:20:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.voltaire-avocats.com\/liberte-dexpression-et-licenciement-attention-a-bien-evaluer-labus\/"},"modified":"2022-09-19T14:50:50","modified_gmt":"2022-09-19T12:50:50","slug":"liberte-dexpression-et-licenciement-attention-a-bien-evaluer-labus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.voltaire-avocats.com\/fr\/liberte-dexpression-et-licenciement-attention-a-bien-evaluer-labus\/","title":{"rendered":"Libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression et licenciement : attention \u00e0 bien \u00e9valuer l\u2019abus"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"ql-align-justify\">Par principe\u00a0:\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0<em>Sauf abus, le salari\u00e9 jouit, dans l&rsquo;entreprise et en dehors de celle-ci, de sa libert\u00e9 d&rsquo;expression.<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\"><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\">Un licenciement prononc\u00e9 en violation de cette libert\u00e9 fondamentale est nul. C\u2019est ce qu\u2019a rappel\u00e9 la Cour de cassation dans son arr\u00eat du 29 juin 2022 (n\u00b020-16-060).<\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\"><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\">En l\u2019esp\u00e8ce, un directeur d\u2019usine avait d\u00e9nonc\u00e9 la gestion d\u00e9sastreuse de la filiale roumaine dont il avait pris la t\u00eate, mettant en avant des probl\u00e8mes majeurs de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et de corruption imputables \u00e0 son pr\u00e9d\u00e9cesseur.<\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\"><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\">Le salari\u00e9 avait \u00e9t\u00e9 licenci\u00e9 pour plusieurs motifs, la lettre visant en premier lieu les propos qu\u2019il avait tenus dans un courrier adress\u00e9 au pr\u00e9sident du directoire du 23 d\u00e9cembre 2016 dans lequel il critiquait un autre directeur ainsi que les choix strat\u00e9giques du groupe.<\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\"><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\">La Cour d\u2019appel avait condamn\u00e9 la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 employeur au paiement de dommages-int\u00e9r\u00eats pour licenciement nul. L\u2019employeur avait form\u00e9 un pourvoi en cassation consid\u00e9rant que les propos tenus par le salari\u00e9 \u00e9taient excessifs et caract\u00e9risaient un abus de la libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression justifiant son licenciement.<\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\"><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\">La Cour de cassation a n\u00e9anmoins confirm\u00e9 la d\u00e9cision de la Cour d\u2019appel rappelant que\u00a0:<\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\"><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\">\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0<em>Le caract\u00e8re illicite du motif du licenciement prononc\u00e9, <u>m\u00eame en partie<\/u>, en raison de l&rsquo;exercice, par le salari\u00e9, de sa libert\u00e9 d&rsquo;expression, libert\u00e9 fondamentale, entra\u00eene \u00e0 lui seul la nullit\u00e9 du licenciement<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb ;<\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\"><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\">\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Faute pour l\u2019employeur de d\u00e9montrer que les termes employ\u00e9s par le salari\u00e9 \u00e9taient injurieux, excessifs ou diffamatoires, le licenciement prononc\u00e9 en raison de l\u2019exercice de la libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression du salari\u00e9 \u00e9tait nul ;<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\">\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0<em>Sans avoir \u00e0 examiner les autres griefs invoqu\u00e9s dans la lettre de licenciement, d\u00e8s lors qu&rsquo;il \u00e9tait <u>notamment<\/u> reproch\u00e9 au salari\u00e9 cet exercice non abusif de sa libert\u00e9 d&rsquo;expression, {la Cour d\u2019appel a justement retenu] que le licenciement \u00e9tait nul.\u00a0<\/em>\u00bb<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/62bbec82cce2f878c0f394df?judilibre_juridiction=cc&#038;judilibre_chambre%5b%5d=soc&#038;page=2&#038;previousdecisionpage=2&#038;previousdecisionindex=0&#038;nextdecisionpage=2&#038;nextdecisionindex=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/62bbec82cce2f878c0f394df?judilibre_juridiction=cc&#038;judilibre_chambre[]=soc&#038;page=2&#038;previousdecisionpage=2&#038;previousdecisionindex=0&#038;nextdecisionpage=2&#038;nextdecisionindex=2<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression et licenciement : attention \u00e0 bien \u00e9valuer l\u2019abus<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":20641,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_robots_follow":"","_seopress_robots_imageindex":"","_seopress_robots_snippet":"","_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_robots_breadcrumbs":"","_seopress_robots_freeze_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_custom_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_canonical":"","_seopress_social_fb_title":"","_seopress_social_fb_desc":"","_seopress_social_fb_img":"","_seopress_social_fb_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_height":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_title":"","_seopress_social_twitter_desc":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_height":0,"_seopress_redirections_value":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled_regex":"","_seopress_redirections_logged_status":"","_seopress_redirections_param":"","_seopress_redirections_type":0,"_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","_seopress_news_disabled":"","_seopress_video_disabled":"","_seopress_video":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas_manual":[],"_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable_all":"","_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20643","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualites-en-droit-social"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.voltaire-avocats.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20643","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.voltaire-avocats.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.voltaire-avocats.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.voltaire-avocats.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.voltaire-avocats.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20643"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.voltaire-avocats.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20643\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.voltaire-avocats.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20641"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.voltaire-avocats.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20643"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.voltaire-avocats.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20643"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.voltaire-avocats.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20643"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}