{"id":26267,"date":"2024-11-12T16:41:33","date_gmt":"2024-11-12T15:41:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.voltaire-avocats.com\/?p=26267"},"modified":"2024-11-12T16:41:34","modified_gmt":"2024-11-12T15:41:34","slug":"un-accord-a-duree-determinee-prevoyant-une-clause-de-reconduction-tacite-peut-etre-denonce","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.voltaire-avocats.com\/fr\/un-accord-a-duree-determinee-prevoyant-une-clause-de-reconduction-tacite-peut-etre-denonce\/","title":{"rendered":"Un accord \u00e0 dur\u00e9e d\u00e9termin\u00e9e pr\u00e9voyant une clause de reconduction tacite peut \u00eatre d\u00e9nonc\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"ql-align-justify\"><span style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Par un arr\u00eat du <\/span><strong style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">23 octobre 2024<\/strong><span style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">, la Cour de cassation rappelle certaines dispositions l\u00e9gales concernant la n\u00e9gociation collective\u00a0:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\"><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"ql-align-justify\"><span style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Un accord peut \u00eatre conclu \u00e0 dur\u00e9e d\u00e9termin\u00e9e ou \u00e0 dur\u00e9e ind\u00e9termin\u00e9e. S\u2019il ne pr\u00e9voit rien sur la dur\u00e9e, l\u2019accord est applicable 5 ans. Un accord collectif \u00e0 dur\u00e9e d\u00e9termin\u00e9e cesse de produire effet lorsqu\u2019il arrive \u00e0 expiration (c. trav.\u00a0art. L. 2222-4)\u00a0;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"ql-align-justify\"><span style=\"color: black;\">L\u2019accord pr\u00e9voit les formes selon lesquelles et le d\u00e9lai au terme duquel il peut \u00eatre renouvel\u00e9 ou r\u00e9vis\u00e9 (c. trav.\u00a0art. L. 2222-5)\u00a0;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"ql-align-justify\"><span style=\"color: black;\">L\u2019accord pr\u00e9voit les conditions dans lesquelles il peut \u00eatre d\u00e9nonc\u00e9, et notamment la dur\u00e9e du pr\u00e9avis qui doit pr\u00e9c\u00e9der la d\u00e9nonciation (c. trav.\u00a0art. L. 2222-6)\u00a0;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\"><span style=\"color: black;\">En l\u2019esp\u00e8ce, l\u2019accord litigieux portant sur la mise en place d\u2019un CSE avait \u00e9t\u00e9 conclu <\/span><strong style=\"color: black;\">\u00e0 dur\u00e9e d\u00e9termin\u00e9e<\/strong><span style=\"color: black;\"> et comportait <\/span><strong style=\"color: black;\">une clause de d\u00e9nonciation<\/strong><span style=\"color: black;\">. Il arrivait \u00e0 expiration <\/span><strong style=\"color: black;\">le 7 juin 2023<\/strong><span style=\"color: black;\">. Les employeurs signataires l\u2019avaient d\u00e9nonc\u00e9 par courrier envoy\u00e9 le 3 mars 2023, re\u00e7u par les syndicats signataires le 7 mars 2023.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\"><span style=\"color: black;\">L\u2019un des syndicats a contest\u00e9 la proc\u00e9dure de d\u00e9nonciation, consid\u00e9rant qu\u2019elle \u00e9tait tardive.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"ql-align-justify\"><strong style=\"color: black;\">La d\u00e9nonciation \u00e9tait possible<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\"><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\">E<span style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">n principe, la d\u00e9nonciation est r\u00e9serv\u00e9e <\/span><strong style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">aux accords \u00e0 dur\u00e9e ind\u00e9termin\u00e9e<\/strong><span style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">. Rappelons qu\u2019il s\u2019agit du m\u00e9canisme permettant \u00e0 une partie (en pratique, souvent l\u2019employeur) de mettre fin \u00e0 l\u2019application de l\u2019accord \u00e0 condition de notifier sa d\u00e9cision aux autres signataires de l\u2019accord en respectant <\/span><strong style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">un pr\u00e9avis<\/strong><span style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"> qui, en l\u2019absence de stipulation expresse, est de 3 mois (c. trav.\u00a0art. L. 2261-9\u00a0et\u00a0L. 2261-10). Il s\u2019en suit alors <\/span><strong style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">un d\u00e9lai de survie de 12 mois<\/strong><span style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"> (sauf si l\u2019accord pr\u00e9voit un d\u00e9lai plus long) permettant la n\u00e9gociation d\u2019un accord de substitution. Si aucun accord de substitution n\u2019est conclu \u00e0 l\u2019issue du d\u00e9lai de survie, les salari\u00e9s perdent le b\u00e9n\u00e9fice des avantages pr\u00e9vus par l\u2019accord collectif d\u00e9nonc\u00e9.\u00a0Par exception, les salari\u00e9s ont la garantie de percevoir une r\u00e9mun\u00e9ration au moins \u00e9gale \u00e0 celle qui leur \u00e9tait vers\u00e9e en application de l\u2019accord collectif d\u00e9nonc\u00e9 et du contrat de travail lors des 12 derniers mois (c. trav.\u00a0art. L. 2261-13).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\"><span style=\"color: black;\">En application de l\u2019article L. 2222-5 du Code du travail, l\u2019accord \u00e0 dur\u00e9e d\u00e9termin\u00e9e peut pr\u00e9voir les modalit\u00e9s de son renouvellement, et notamment une clause de reconduction tacite.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\"><span style=\"color: black;\">Lorsqu\u2019une clause de reconduction tacite est pr\u00e9vue dans un accord \u00e0 dur\u00e9e d\u00e9termin\u00e9e, il est alors possible de d\u00e9noncer l\u2019accord pour pouvoir y mettre fin. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\"><span style=\"color: black;\">Tel est le principal apport de l\u2019arr\u00eat rendu le 23 octobre 2024\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0<\/span><em style=\"color: black;\">un accord \u00e0 dur\u00e9e d\u00e9termin\u00e9e peut pr\u00e9voir qu\u2019il sera reconduit par tacite reconduction, sauf d\u00e9nonciation de l\u2019accord produisant ses effets au terme de celui-ci, sous la condition de respecter le d\u00e9lai de pr\u00e9avis fix\u00e9 par l\u2019accord <\/em><strong style=\"color: black;\"><em>avant l\u2019expiration du terme<\/em><\/strong><em style=\"color: black;\">\u00a0\u00bb.<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"ql-align-justify\"><strong style=\"color: black;\">La d\u00e9nonciation est intervenue \u00e0 temps<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\"><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\"><span style=\"color: black;\">L\u2019accord litigieux subordonnait la d\u00e9nonciation au respect d\u2019un d\u00e9lai de pr\u00e9avis de 3 mois. La Cour de cassation fait application des r\u00e8gles de computation des d\u00e9lais pr\u00e9vus par le Code de proc\u00e9dure civile. Ainsi, l\u2019accord litigieux, entr\u00e9 en vigueur <\/span><strong style=\"color: black;\">le 7 juin 2019<\/strong><span style=\"color: black;\"> prenait fin <\/span><em style=\"color: black;\">\u00ab\u00a0le dernier jour du dernier mois qui porte le m\u00eame quanti\u00e8me que le jour de l\u2019acte<\/em><span style=\"color: black;\">\u00a0\u00bb (article 641 CPC) \u00e0 24h (article 642 CPC), soit, en l\u2019esp\u00e8ce, <\/span><strong style=\"color: black;\">le 7 juin 2023<\/strong><span style=\"color: black;\"> \u00e0 minuit. Enfin, la date de la notification par voie postale est, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9gard de celui \u00e0 qui elle est faite, la date de r\u00e9ception de la lettre (article 668 CPC).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\"><span style=\"color: black;\">L\u2019accord litigieux a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9nonc\u00e9 dans les temps de sorte qu\u2019il n\u2019a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 reconduit tacitement. Le pourvoi du syndicat a donc \u00e9t\u00e9 rejet\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\">***<\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\"><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\"><span style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Cass. soc., 23 octobre 2024 n\u00b023-17.460<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-align-justify\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6718934dd8ceca1cd7018c9e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6718934dd8ceca1cd7018c9e<\/a><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cass.soc., 23 octobre 2024 n\u00b023-17.460\u00a0https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6718934dd8ceca1cd7018c9e<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":26265,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_robots_follow":"","_seopress_robots_imageindex":"","_seopress_robots_snippet":"","_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_robots_breadcrumbs":"","_seopress_robots_freeze_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_custom_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_canonical":"","_seopress_social_fb_title":"","_seopress_social_fb_desc":"","_seopress_social_fb_img":"","_seopress_social_fb_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_height":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_title":"","_seopress_social_twitter_desc":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_height":0,"_seopress_redirections_value":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled_regex":"","_seopress_redirections_logged_status":"","_seopress_redirections_param":"","_seopress_redirections_type":0,"_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","_seopress_news_disabled":"","_seopress_video_disabled":"","_seopress_video":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas_manual":[],"_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable_all":"","_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26267","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualites-en-droit-social"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.voltaire-avocats.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26267","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.voltaire-avocats.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.voltaire-avocats.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.voltaire-avocats.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.voltaire-avocats.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26267"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.voltaire-avocats.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26267\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26270,"href":"https:\/\/www.voltaire-avocats.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26267\/revisions\/26270"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.voltaire-avocats.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26265"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.voltaire-avocats.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26267"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.voltaire-avocats.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26267"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.voltaire-avocats.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26267"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}